The Canada Soccer Grassroots Standards have been designed to create the best possible learning and development environment for all young players in Canada. The Grassroots Standards are based on global best practice while taking into account the realities of Canadian soccer. As adults, it is our responsibility to ensure that all of our children are able to enjoy soccer in a safe, fun, accessible, inclusive and developmentally appropriate environment. Given the uniqueness of our country - where geography, climate and infrastructure can be vastly different from one region to the next - it will not always be possible to implement the Grassroots Standards. Do your best to implement the Grassroots Standards while understanding that some standards may not be possible to achieve in your region.

MATCH FORMAT

The match format refers to the number of players on each team. This can range from very few players (1v1, 2v2 or 3v3) to the full FIFA regulation game format of 11v11.

MINIMUM REST TIME BETWEEN MATCHES

Young players need rest as they expend a great deal of energy during matches. It is important for their wellbeing that they have a minimum rest period between matches during a Festival or Memorable Event. This ensures that they have the time needed to recover, refuel and rehydrate. The rest time between matches is considered the time between the end of one match, including any additional time or kicks from the penalty mark, and the start of another.

MAXIMUM MATCH DURATION

This refers to the maximum length of the match. The match is normally played in two halves of equal duration (i.e. A 30-minute match would be comprised of two, 15-minute halves) however, the match may be divided as required (i.e. Three 10-minute periods)

MAXIMUM MATCH TIME PER PLAYER PER DAY

In order to ensure that our young players are safe, we do not want them to be pushed beyond their physical limits. The maximum match time per player is the total amount of match time each player experiences on match day. Be careful to track the total playing time of each player, as exceeding the recommended guidelines may lead to burnout or injury.

COACHING QUALIFICATIONS

This refers to the training that a coach is required to complete prior to coaching a group of young players. As part of Canada Soccer’s Safe Sport Roster, all coaches in Canada are required to complete the training outlined in the Canada Soccer Grassroots Standards.

MEMORABLE EVENTS

Playing in tournaments and special events is an important part of a positive soccer experience for young players. Some of their most memorable experiences will be when they participate in tournaments and festivals, often away from home. These events are where lifelong friendships are formed, and they are important to a young player’s soccer experience. However, adults can sometimes get carried away with the perceived importance of these events and can over-schedule them. It is best that memorable events are phased in gradually as young players mature in the game and are kept to a reasonable number of events.

INTERNATIONAL VS OVERSEAS TRAVEL

Given the size of our country and the proximity of many Canadians to the United States, it is often more convenient for teams to travel to memorable events in the United States than in Canada. We want our players to have great experiences in a variety of competitions, and there are many options to do this in Canada and the U.S. Overseas travel (i.e. Europe, Asia, South America) should generally be restricted until players are older so that they can fully appreciate the experience. However, there are exemptions, so please contact your Member Association to apply for an overseas travel permit.

OFFSIDE

Offside is Law 11 of the International Football Association Board (IFAB) Laws of the Game, and is recommended to be implemented for young players at the U12 level. For a deeper understanding of Law 11, please follow this link.

GAME LEADER

In many parts of Canada, Game Leaders are used to facilitate matches between young players. The Game Leader will be trained to achieve a few objectives on the field:• Enable children to have a fun and rewarding experience while competing in small sided games.• Ensure player safety.• Implement simplified rules while keeping the game moving — limiting stoppages and assisting the young players with all restarts.

The Game Leader can be a club representative, coach, parent or a beginning or senior referee who has been selected by the club or district to participate in the Game Leader Instruction program.

MATCH DAY FORMAT

Canada Soccer recommends that Grassroots programs for players U7-U12 utilize the Festival Format for match days. Traditional league play format should not be introduced until U13.A Festival Format is a competition that includes multiple matches in a single day, whereas league play includes only a single match per day.

MATCH DAY ROSTER GUIDELINES

The match day roster is the list of players that a coach has available to play in a given match. It is important for coaches to remain within the guidelines provided; too few players and there is an increased risk of fatigue, burnout and injury. Too many players and there is a risk of boredom as players will spend too much time on the sidelines and not enough time playing soccer.

SUBSTITUTIONS

Substitutions are used to ensure that players have an opportunity to play different positions and to get some rest, when required. While ensuring that all players get exactly the same playing time is a challenge, it is important for players to have an opportunity to play as much soccer as possible. Team

TRAVEL TIME

For young players to fall in love with the game of soccer, they need to play. A general rule is that players should not spend more time in a car traveling to a match, Festival or tournament than they spend on the field enjoying that experience.

RETREAT LINE

The retreat line has been introduced in grassroots soccer in recent years to help develop young players’ ability to play out from the goalkeeper and to keep possession of the ball as they build an attack.

This teaching tool has also been used to help build confidence in players as they retain possession of the ball.

The Retreat Line should be used in relation to the age and stage of development of the players, and is optional for players in the U12/U13 age categories.

SEASON OR BLOCK LENGTH

Development programs for young players are often broken up into seasons (spring, summer, fall, winter) or into multi-week “blocks”. There should be time between these seasons or blocks for players to get some rest or to play other sports. The parameters around minimum/maximum time of the seasons/blocks are flexible to ensure that clubs are able to offer appropriate programming for players without overloading them physically.

PLAYING TIME

One of the most challenging tasks for a Grassroots coach is to ensure that players get equal playing time. More often than not, this is an impossible task. When matches begin to occur at U7, the recommendation is that all players are given “fair” playing time. This means that coaches will do their best to ensure that all players get to play as much soccer as possible. All children have the right to enjoy their soccer experience - and they can’t do that if they don’t get to play.

PLAYER-TO-COACH RATIO

Coaching young players can be challenging. In order for coaches to enjoy their experience and be able to build meaningful relationships with their players, Canada Soccer has provided a range of player-to-coach ratios, from “Ideal” to “Maximum”. This ensures that all players will have the opportunity to interact with their coach(es) as much as possible.

PRACTICE-TO-MATCH RATIO

This is the number of practice sessions (practices) that players participate in during a week compared to the number of match days (Festivals, Memorable Events) in that week.

RESTARTS FROM THE SIDELINES

One of the greatest challenges that young players face as they are learning to control the ball is keeping the ball in play. When the ball goes out of play along the sidelines, it is required to be played back into play by the team who did not touch the ball last. The traditional method of returning the ball into play is via a throw-in. However, for young players, this can be a challenging skill to learn and often results in the ball going back out of play. To facilitate more contact time with the ball at their feet and more time for the ball to be in play, players up to U12 will be permitted to pass or dribble the ball back into play when a restart from the sidelines is required.

NUMBER OF MATCH DAYS PER WEEK

Players spend far more time on the ball in practice learning the skills they need to enjoy soccer than they do in a match. (In a 90-minute match in professional soccer, the top players who are on the ball the most only have the ball for approximately 2 minutes.) Practice is where players learn the fundamental skills to enjoy soccer, and matches are where those skills are applied or tested. The limitations on the number of match days per week are to encourage more meaningful practice sessions and to de-emphasize the importance of matches and competition.

STRUCTURED PRACTICE DURATION

This is the length of time that the structured practice session takes place. This is generally from the time the coach gathers all of the players at the start of the practice (prior to the warm-up, if required) to the time the coach has a debrief with the players at the end of the practice session. This does not include the coach’s set up and take down time before and after the practice session.